Satin: what kind of fabric, composition, properties, advantages and disadvantages
Feb
Satin is considered a type of silk fabric and it is a dense, strong, beautiful fabric that does not lose its properties after repeated washing, is pleasant to use, and durable. From it sew bedding, curtains, bedspreads, clothes. Satin is made on a loom. Strictly speaking, the word “satin” denotes the process of manufacturing the fabric using a certain weave of threads. The term entrenched, began to denote the fabric thus obtained.
General weaving technology
For the first time, hand weaving devices appeared in very old times, during the Paleolithic period. It was possible to mechanize the process in the 17th century. In modern weaving, many types of weaves of various raw materials are used. A variety of weaving determines the quality of the paintings: appearance, strength, other consumer properties.
Textiles are made from perpendicularly directed threads. Some of them are oriented longitudinally in the fabric, parallel to the edge of the fabric. They are called the base. Others are perpendicular to the edge of the canvas, called a weft. When weaving, a pattern is formed, a repeating fragment of which is usually called rapport. In general, the canvas contains many identical rapports. In different tissues, the number, the ratio of threads in the warp and weft of rapport is different.
In the process of weaving, the longitudinal and transverse threads intersect. The place on the front side of the canvas, where the warp thread is on top, is called the main overlap. In the weft overlap, the weft thread is visible on the front. Between similar places of single floors there is a distance called a shift.
Features of Satin Production
• A distinctive feature of satin is the use of twisted whiskers.
• The warp threads are usually thicker and stronger, the weft is thinner. Thanks to twisting, they shine.
• With simple weaving, which includes satin, within the rapport the number of warp and weft threads are always equal.
• In a satin fabric, the shift is always greater than 1, the minimum is 2.
• Duck threads predominate on the front side of satin fabrics, warp threads on the back.
• Rapport of satin fabrics has at least 5 threads. Accordingly, the weft thread covers at least 4 warp threads. If there are only 7 threads in the rapport, there is 6 under the thread.
• To improve the quality of dyeing, increase the strength of the fabric, the filamentary raw materials used for the production of some types of satin are pre-treated with alkali solutions. The process is called mercerization. With this treatment, the form of cellulose underlying the raw material is partially changed. Products acquire additional shine.
On the reverse side of the satin fabric, warp threads dominate. The type of weaving with the predominance of warp in rappings of the satin type is called satin. Therefore, satin weaving is the reverse side of satin.
Satin density classification
An important indicator of the quality of the fabric is the number of bound threads per 1 cm2 of fabric area.
• For the production of bed linen using ordinary satin with the number of threads from 85 to 130. To improve the quality of such satin mercerize or calender. Calenders are heated rollers through which the web is rolled.
• In printed satin, multi-colored threads are intertwined, which can be from 85 to 170. Bed linen is also sewn from such fabric. The printed satin pattern has no distinct boundaries.
• On bedding made of printed satin, the pattern is inscribed strictly in size and shape of the product. The density of threads in such a fabric is from 85 to 170.
• Satin made using the jacquard technique has a double-sided pattern, which is created by specific weaving. The number of threads in satin jacquard varies from 170 to 220.
• Airy mako-sateen has at least 220 very thin, high-quality threads. The fabric is light, strong, dense.
Thread classification
By way of satin weaving, webs can be woven from raw materials of various nature.
• Satin made only from natural cotton.
• Fabric made from cotton and polymer fibers. The cost of such a fabric is slightly less than that of a fully cotton one; wear resistance is higher.
• Satin double made from cotton and viscose. Used for sewing linings.
• Atlas-satin is sometimes called silk-satin, made of silk and cotton threads. Used for tailoring elegant clothes, tablecloths, curtains.
• Crepe-satin is made by combining cotton threads with natural and artificial silk. Satin-satin is different. This fabric is positioned as satin crepe, 100% polyethylene and no cotton, so see the composition!
Classification by method of staining
Depending on the applied technique of applying paint, fabrics are obtained that differ significantly in price and appearance.
• The canvas of one color can be bleached or painted uniformly. Overalls, budget bedding is sewn from it.
• Printed satin products are more expensive. The fabric is stained. Variants for applying coloring pigments vary.
• Reactive printing is applied to a beautiful three-dimensional drawing, which is now commonly referred to as 3D. For such a dyeing technique, high density fabric is used.
• Stripe satin has one color tone. The relief on the fabric is due to the partial use of the jacquard weaving technique. The prefix “stripe” indicates the presence of stripes in the pattern. Alternating relief ornament decorates textile products.
Currently, products made of satin fabrics are popular. Consumers are happy to choose their favorite option, making sure in practice many times the merits of the fabric.
General qualities of satins
We describe the main advantages of satin (this is true for cotton satin):
• The fabric is hygienic and absorbs moisture well. The human body under such a tissue “breathes”.
• Low thermal conductivity allows in summer in clothes made of satin not to overheat. In winter, the satin fabric retains a pleasant physiological body temperature.
• Matter is light, soft, airy, creates a feeling of comfort.
• Durability of fabric allows to erase it repeatedly. Only in the fourth hundred washings can the gloss begin to fade.
• Matter does not crease, forms natural draped folds.
• Satin fabric made from natural fibers is environmentally friendly, does not cause allergic reactions.
It’s hard to say anything about the disadvantages of satin, because there are no obvious minuses. Some consumers do not like the sliding properties of matter. In silk pajamas on a satin sheet, perhaps sleeping is not very comfortable. In this case, you should change your pajamas or choose another bedding.
Having information about all types, types, characteristics of materials, you can choose the most suitable option. Satin fabrics surround man for many centuries. This is credible.